- function-a relation from a set of inputs to a set of possible outputs where each input is related to exactly one output.
- math model-a system by a set of variables and a set of equations that establish relationships between the variables. Variables may be of many types; real or integer numbers, boolean values or strings, for example.
- residual-a quantity remaining after other things have been subtracted or allowed for.
- slope-a line is a number that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line.
- additive inverse-the additive inverse of a number a is the number that, when added to a, yields zero. This number is also known as the opposite (number), sign change, and negation.
- inverse variation-mathematical relationship between two variables which can be expressed by an equation in which the product of two variables is equal to a constant.
- Multiplicative inverse-a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. Themultiplicative inverse of a fraction a/b is b/a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.
- outlier- A data point that is distinctly separate from the rest of the data
- scatter plot-A graph of plotted points that show the relationship between two sets of data.
- standard deviation-a measure of how spread out numbers are. It is the square root of the Variance, and the Variance is the average of the squared differences from the Mean.
- variance- variance is a squared quantity, it cannot be directly compared to the data values or the mean value of a data set. It is therefore more useful to have a quantity which is the square root of the variance.
- correlation coefficient-A number that is a measure of the strength and direction of the correlation between two variables.
- right triangle-a triangle with a right angle.
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2nd 9 Weeks
acute triangle- a triangle with all three angles acute (less than 90°).
base- a base or radix is the number of different digits or combination of digits and letters that a system of counting uses to represent numbers.
compound growth-When the interest rate is applied to the original principal and any accumulated interest, this is called compound interest
cube root-the number that produces a given number when cubed.
decay factor-When a population or group of something is declining, and the amount that decreases is proportional to the size of the population, it's called exponential decay
decay rate-a particular form of a very rapid decrease in some quantity.
expanded form- a way to write numbers by adding the value of its digits.
exponent- a quantity representing the power to which a given number or expression is to be raised, usually expressed as a raised symbol beside the number or expression.
exponential decay- When a population or group of something is declining, and the amount that decreases is proportional to the size of the population.
exponential function- a function whose value is a constant raised to the power of the argument, especially the function where the constant is e.
function-a relationship or expression involving one or more variables.
growth rate- The amount of increase that a specific variable has gained within a specific period and context.
hypotenuse-the longest side of a right triangle, opposite the right angle.
obtuse triangle- a triangle with one angle more than 90° and 2 angles less than 90°.
outlier-a data point on a graph or in a set of results that is very much bigger or smaller than the next nearest data point.
Pythagorean theorem- a relation in Euclidean geometry among the three sides of a right triangle. It states that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
radius-a straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere.
residual-a quantity remaining after other things have been subtracted or allowed for.
right triangle- a triangle that has an angle that is 90°.
scatter plot-a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present.
scientific notation- a mathematical expression used to represent a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by ten, so you can write large numbers using less digits.
slope-a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another; a rising or falling surface.
square roots-a number that produces a specified quantity when multiplied by its.
standard form- a way of writing down very large or very small numbers easily.
theorem-a general proposition not self-evident but proved by a chain of reasoning; a truth established by means of accepted truths.
variance-a quantity equal to the square of the standard deviation.
3rd 9 weeks
binomial-an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms.
constant-a number on its own, or sometimes a letter such as a, b or c to stand for a fixed number
dependent variable- a variable whose value is determined by the value of an independent variable
difference of squares-the difference of two squares is a squared (multiplied by itself) number subtracted from another squared number
distributive property-The distributive property lets you multiply a sum by multiplying each addend separately and then add the products.
expanded form-a way to write numbers by adding the value of its digits
factored form-The form of an algebraic expression in which no part of the expression can be made simpler by pulling out a common factor
independent variable-a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment
like terms-terms whose variables (and their exponents such as the 2 in 2x) are the same
linear term-the highest degree term in the variable or variables is of the first degree. The graph of such an equation is a straight line if there are two variables.
line of symmetry-the imaginary line where you could fold the image and have both halves match exactly
maximum-the value of a function at a certain point in its domain, which is greater than or equal to the values at all other points in the immediate vicinity of the point
minimum-the smallest value of a function
parabola-a given point, called the focus, and a given line not through the focus, called the directrix, a parabola is the focus of points such that the distance to the focus equals the distance to the directrix
quadratic function- a second-degree polynomial function of the form , where a, b, and c are real numbers and every quadratic function has a “u-shaped” graph called a parabola.
quadratic term-A quadratic equation is an equation having the general form x2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants.
triangular numbers-A number that can make a triangular dot pattern. Example: 1, 3, 6, 10 and 15
trinomial-A mathematical expression that is the sum of three monomials
x-intercepts-the point where the line crosses the x axis
y-intercepts- the point where the line crosses the y axis